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<?php
/**
* This file is part of the Nette Framework (https://nette.org)
* Copyright (c) 2004 David Grudl (https://davidgrudl.com)
*/
declare(strict_types=1);
namespace Nette\Utils;
use Nette;
/**
* Basic manipulation with images. Supported types are JPEG, PNG, GIF, WEBP, AVIF and BMP.
*
* <code>
* $image = Image::fromFile('nette.jpg');
* $image->resize(150, 100);
* $image->sharpen();
* $image->send();
* </code>
*
* @method Image affine(array $affine, array $clip = null)
* @method array affineMatrixConcat(array $m1, array $m2)
* @method array affineMatrixGet(int $type, mixed $options = null)
* @method void alphaBlending(bool $on)
* @method void antialias(bool $on)
* @method void arc($x, $y, $w, $h, $start, $end, $color)
* @method void char(int $font, $x, $y, string $char, $color)
* @method void charUp(int $font, $x, $y, string $char, $color)
* @method int colorAllocate($red, $green, $blue)
* @method int colorAllocateAlpha($red, $green, $blue, $alpha)
* @method int colorAt($x, $y)
* @method int colorClosest($red, $green, $blue)
* @method int colorClosestAlpha($red, $green, $blue, $alpha)
* @method int colorClosestHWB($red, $green, $blue)
* @method void colorDeallocate($color)
* @method int colorExact($red, $green, $blue)
* @method int colorExactAlpha($red, $green, $blue, $alpha)
* @method void colorMatch(Image $image2)
* @method int colorResolve($red, $green, $blue)
* @method int colorResolveAlpha($red, $green, $blue, $alpha)
* @method void colorSet($index, $red, $green, $blue)
* @method array colorsForIndex($index)
* @method int colorsTotal()
* @method int colorTransparent($color = null)
* @method void convolution(array $matrix, float $div, float $offset)
* @method void copy(Image $src, $dstX, $dstY, $srcX, $srcY, $srcW, $srcH)
* @method void copyMerge(Image $src, $dstX, $dstY, $srcX, $srcY, $srcW, $srcH, $opacity)
* @method void copyMergeGray(Image $src, $dstX, $dstY, $srcX, $srcY, $srcW, $srcH, $opacity)
* @method void copyResampled(Image $src, $dstX, $dstY, $srcX, $srcY, $dstW, $dstH, $srcW, $srcH)
* @method void copyResized(Image $src, $dstX, $dstY, $srcX, $srcY, $dstW, $dstH, $srcW, $srcH)
* @method Image cropAuto(int $mode = -1, float $threshold = .5, int $color = -1)
* @method void ellipse($cx, $cy, $w, $h, $color)
* @method void fill($x, $y, $color)
* @method void filledArc($cx, $cy, $w, $h, $s, $e, $color, $style)
* @method void filledEllipse($cx, $cy, $w, $h, $color)
* @method void filledPolygon(array $points, $numPoints, $color)
* @method void filledRectangle($x1, $y1, $x2, $y2, $color)
* @method void fillToBorder($x, $y, $border, $color)
* @method void filter($filtertype)
* @method void flip(int $mode)
* @method array ftText($size, $angle, $x, $y, $col, string $fontFile, string $text, array $extrainfo = null)
* @method void gammaCorrect(float $inputgamma, float $outputgamma)
* @method array getClip()
* @method int interlace($interlace = null)
* @method bool isTrueColor()
* @method void layerEffect($effect)
* @method void line($x1, $y1, $x2, $y2, $color)
* @method void openPolygon(array $points, int $num_points, int $color)
* @method void paletteCopy(Image $source)
* @method void paletteToTrueColor()
* @method void polygon(array $points, $numPoints, $color)
* @method array psText(string $text, $font, $size, $color, $backgroundColor, $x, $y, $space = null, $tightness = null, float $angle = null, $antialiasSteps = null)
* @method void rectangle($x1, $y1, $x2, $y2, $col)
* @method mixed resolution(int $res_x = null, int $res_y = null)
* @method Image rotate(float $angle, $backgroundColor)
* @method void saveAlpha(bool $saveflag)
* @method Image scale(int $newWidth, int $newHeight = -1, int $mode = IMG_BILINEAR_FIXED)
* @method void setBrush(Image $brush)
* @method void setClip(int $x1, int $y1, int $x2, int $y2)
* @method void setInterpolation(int $method = IMG_BILINEAR_FIXED)
* @method void setPixel($x, $y, $color)
* @method void setStyle(array $style)
* @method void setThickness($thickness)
* @method void setTile(Image $tile)
* @method void string($font, $x, $y, string $s, $col)
* @method void stringUp($font, $x, $y, string $s, $col)
* @method void trueColorToPalette(bool $dither, $ncolors)
* @method array ttfText($size, $angle, $x, $y, $color, string $fontfile, string $text)
* @property-read int $width
* @property-read int $height
* @property-read resource|\GdImage $imageResource
*/
class Image
{
use Nette\SmartObject;
/** {@link resize()} only shrinks images */
public const SHRINK_ONLY = 0b0001;
/** {@link resize()} will ignore aspect ratio */
public const STRETCH = 0b0010;
/** {@link resize()} fits in given area so its dimensions are less than or equal to the required dimensions */
public const FIT = 0b0000;
/** {@link resize()} fills given area so its dimensions are greater than or equal to the required dimensions */
public const FILL = 0b0100;
/** {@link resize()} fills given area exactly */
public const EXACT = 0b1000;
/** image types */
public const
JPEG = IMAGETYPE_JPEG,
PNG = IMAGETYPE_PNG,
GIF = IMAGETYPE_GIF,
WEBP = IMAGETYPE_WEBP,
AVIF = 19, // IMAGETYPE_AVIF,
BMP = IMAGETYPE_BMP;
public const EMPTY_GIF = "GIF89a\x01\x00\x01\x00\x80\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00\x00!\xf9\x04\x01\x00\x00\x00\x00,\x00\x00\x00\x00\x01\x00\x01\x00\x00\x02\x02D\x01\x00;";
private const FORMATS = [self::JPEG => 'jpeg', self::PNG => 'png', self::GIF => 'gif', self::WEBP => 'webp', self::AVIF => 'avif', self::BMP => 'bmp'];
/** @var resource|\GdImage */
private $image;
/**
* Returns RGB color (0..255) and transparency (0..127).
*/
public static function rgb(int $red, int $green, int $blue, int $transparency = 0): array
{
return [
'red' => max(0, min(255, $red)),
'green' => max(0, min(255, $green)),
'blue' => max(0, min(255, $blue)),
'alpha' => max(0, min(127, $transparency)),
];
}
/**
* Reads an image from a file and returns its type in $type.
* @throws Nette\NotSupportedException if gd extension is not loaded
* @throws UnknownImageFileException if file not found or file type is not known
* @return static
*/
public static function fromFile(string $file, ?int &$type = null)
{
if (!extension_loaded('gd')) {
throw new Nette\NotSupportedException('PHP extension GD is not loaded.');
}
$type = self::detectTypeFromFile($file);
if (!$type) {
throw new UnknownImageFileException(is_file($file) ? "Unknown type of file '$file'." : "File '$file' not found.");
}
return self::invokeSafe('imagecreatefrom' . self::FORMATS[$type], $file, "Unable to open file '$file'.", __METHOD__);
}
/**
* Reads an image from a string and returns its type in $type.
* @return static
* @throws Nette\NotSupportedException if gd extension is not loaded
* @throws ImageException
*/
public static function fromString(string $s, ?int &$type = null)
{
if (!extension_loaded('gd')) {
throw new Nette\NotSupportedException('PHP extension GD is not loaded.');
}
$type = self::detectTypeFromString($s);
if (!$type) {
throw new UnknownImageFileException('Unknown type of image.');
}
return self::invokeSafe('imagecreatefromstring', $s, 'Unable to open image from string.', __METHOD__);
}
private static function invokeSafe(string $func, string $arg, string $message, string $callee): self
{
$errors = [];
$res = Callback::invokeSafe($func, [$arg], function (string $message) use (&$errors): void {
$errors[] = $message;
});
if (!$res) {
throw new ImageException($message . ' Errors: ' . implode(', ', $errors));
} elseif ($errors) {
trigger_error($callee . '(): ' . implode(', ', $errors), E_USER_WARNING);
}
return new static($res);
}
/**
* Creates a new true color image of the given dimensions. The default color is black.
* @return static
* @throws Nette\NotSupportedException if gd extension is not loaded
*/
public static function fromBlank(int $width, int $height, ?array $color = null)
{
if (!extension_loaded('gd')) {
throw new Nette\NotSupportedException('PHP extension GD is not loaded.');
}
if ($width < 1 || $height < 1) {
throw new Nette\InvalidArgumentException('Image width and height must be greater than zero.');
}
$image = imagecreatetruecolor($width, $height);
if ($color) {
$color += ['alpha' => 0];
$color = imagecolorresolvealpha($image, $color['red'], $color['green'], $color['blue'], $color['alpha']);
imagealphablending($image, false);
imagefilledrectangle($image, 0, 0, $width - 1, $height - 1, $color);
imagealphablending($image, true);
}
return new static($image);
}
/**
* Returns the type of image from file.
*/
public static function detectTypeFromFile(string $file): ?int
{
$type = @getimagesize($file)[2]; // @ - files smaller than 12 bytes causes read error
return isset(self::FORMATS[$type]) ? $type : null;
}
/**
* Returns the type of image from string.
*/
public static function detectTypeFromString(string $s): ?int
{
$type = @getimagesizefromstring($s)[2]; // @ - strings smaller than 12 bytes causes read error
return isset(self::FORMATS[$type]) ? $type : null;
}
/**
* Returns the file extension for the given `Image::XXX` constant.
*/
public static function typeToExtension(int $type): string
{
if (!isset(self::FORMATS[$type])) {
throw new Nette\InvalidArgumentException("Unsupported image type '$type'.");
}
return self::FORMATS[$type];
}
/**
* Returns the mime type for the given `Image::XXX` constant.
*/
public static function typeToMimeType(int $type): string
{
return 'image/' . self::typeToExtension($type);
}
/**
* Wraps GD image.
* @param resource|\GdImage $image
*/
public function __construct($image)
{
$this->setImageResource($image);
imagesavealpha($image, true);
}
/**
* Returns image width.
*/
public function getWidth(): int
{
return imagesx($this->image);
}
/**
* Returns image height.
*/
public function getHeight(): int
{
return imagesy($this->image);
}
/**
* Sets image resource.
* @param resource|\GdImage $image
* @return static
*/
protected function setImageResource($image)
{
if (!$image instanceof \GdImage && !(is_resource($image) && get_resource_type($image) === 'gd')) {
throw new Nette\InvalidArgumentException('Image is not valid.');
}
$this->image = $image;
return $this;
}
/**
* Returns image GD resource.
* @return resource|\GdImage
*/
public function getImageResource()
{
return $this->image;
}
/**
* Scales an image.
* @param int|string|null $width in pixels or percent
* @param int|string|null $height in pixels or percent
* @return static
*/
public function resize($width, $height, int $flags = self::FIT)
{
if ($flags & self::EXACT) {
return $this->resize($width, $height, self::FILL)->crop('50%', '50%', $width, $height);
}
[$newWidth, $newHeight] = static::calculateSize($this->getWidth(), $this->getHeight(), $width, $height, $flags);
if ($newWidth !== $this->getWidth() || $newHeight !== $this->getHeight()) { // resize
$newImage = static::fromBlank($newWidth, $newHeight, self::rgb(0, 0, 0, 127))->getImageResource();
imagecopyresampled(
$newImage,
$this->image,
0,
0,
0,
0,
$newWidth,
$newHeight,
$this->getWidth(),
$this->getHeight()
);
$this->image = $newImage;
}
if ($width < 0 || $height < 0) {
imageflip($this->image, $width < 0 ? ($height < 0 ? IMG_FLIP_BOTH : IMG_FLIP_HORIZONTAL) : IMG_FLIP_VERTICAL);
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Calculates dimensions of resized image.
* @param int|string|null $newWidth in pixels or percent
* @param int|string|null $newHeight in pixels or percent
*/
public static function calculateSize(
int $srcWidth,
int $srcHeight,
$newWidth,
$newHeight,
int $flags = self::FIT
): array {
if ($newWidth === null) {
} elseif (self::isPercent($newWidth)) {
$newWidth = (int) round($srcWidth / 100 * abs($newWidth));
$percents = true;
} else {
$newWidth = abs($newWidth);
}
if ($newHeight === null) {
} elseif (self::isPercent($newHeight)) {
$newHeight = (int) round($srcHeight / 100 * abs($newHeight));
$flags |= empty($percents) ? 0 : self::STRETCH;
} else {
$newHeight = abs($newHeight);
}
if ($flags & self::STRETCH) { // non-proportional
if (!$newWidth || !$newHeight) {
throw new Nette\InvalidArgumentException('For stretching must be both width and height specified.');
}
if ($flags & self::SHRINK_ONLY) {
$newWidth = (int) round($srcWidth * min(1, $newWidth / $srcWidth));
$newHeight = (int) round($srcHeight * min(1, $newHeight / $srcHeight));
}
} else { // proportional
if (!$newWidth && !$newHeight) {
throw new Nette\InvalidArgumentException('At least width or height must be specified.');
}
$scale = [];
if ($newWidth > 0) { // fit width
$scale[] = $newWidth / $srcWidth;
}
if ($newHeight > 0) { // fit height
$scale[] = $newHeight / $srcHeight;
}
if ($flags & self::FILL) {
$scale = [max($scale)];
}
if ($flags & self::SHRINK_ONLY) {
$scale[] = 1;
}
$scale = min($scale);
$newWidth = (int) round($srcWidth * $scale);
$newHeight = (int) round($srcHeight * $scale);
}
return [max($newWidth, 1), max($newHeight, 1)];
}
/**
* Crops image.
* @param int|string $left in pixels or percent
* @param int|string $top in pixels or percent
* @param int|string $width in pixels or percent
* @param int|string $height in pixels or percent
* @return static
*/
public function crop($left, $top, $width, $height)
{
[$r['x'], $r['y'], $r['width'], $r['height']]
= static::calculateCutout($this->getWidth(), $this->getHeight(), $left, $top, $width, $height);
if (gd_info()['GD Version'] === 'bundled (2.1.0 compatible)') {
$this->image = imagecrop($this->image, $r);
imagesavealpha($this->image, true);
} else {
$newImage = static::fromBlank($r['width'], $r['height'], self::RGB(0, 0, 0, 127))->getImageResource();
imagecopy($newImage, $this->image, 0, 0, $r['x'], $r['y'], $r['width'], $r['height']);
$this->image = $newImage;
}
return $this;
}
/**
* Calculates dimensions of cutout in image.
* @param int|string $left in pixels or percent
* @param int|string $top in pixels or percent
* @param int|string $newWidth in pixels or percent
* @param int|string $newHeight in pixels or percent
*/
public static function calculateCutout(int $srcWidth, int $srcHeight, $left, $top, $newWidth, $newHeight): array
{
if (self::isPercent($newWidth)) {
$newWidth = (int) round($srcWidth / 100 * $newWidth);
}
if (self::isPercent($newHeight)) {
$newHeight = (int) round($srcHeight / 100 * $newHeight);
}
if (self::isPercent($left)) {
$left = (int) round(($srcWidth - $newWidth) / 100 * $left);
}
if (self::isPercent($top)) {
$top = (int) round(($srcHeight - $newHeight) / 100 * $top);
}
if ($left < 0) {
$newWidth += $left;
$left = 0;
}
if ($top < 0) {
$newHeight += $top;
$top = 0;
}
$newWidth = min($newWidth, $srcWidth - $left);
$newHeight = min($newHeight, $srcHeight - $top);
return [$left, $top, $newWidth, $newHeight];
}
/**
* Sharpens image a little bit.
* @return static
*/
public function sharpen()
{
imageconvolution($this->image, [ // my magic numbers ;)
[-1, -1, -1],
[-1, 24, -1],
[-1, -1, -1],
], 16, 0);
return $this;
}
/**
* Puts another image into this image.
* @param int|string $left in pixels or percent
* @param int|string $top in pixels or percent
* @param int $opacity 0..100
* @return static
*/
public function place(self $image, $left = 0, $top = 0, int $opacity = 100)
{
$opacity = max(0, min(100, $opacity));
if ($opacity === 0) {
return $this;
}
$width = $image->getWidth();
$height = $image->getHeight();
if (self::isPercent($left)) {
$left = (int) round(($this->getWidth() - $width) / 100 * $left);
}
if (self::isPercent($top)) {
$top = (int) round(($this->getHeight() - $height) / 100 * $top);
}
$output = $input = $image->image;
if ($opacity < 100) {
$tbl = [];
for ($i = 0; $i < 128; $i++) {
$tbl[$i] = round(127 - (127 - $i) * $opacity / 100);
}
$output = imagecreatetruecolor($width, $height);
imagealphablending($output, false);
if (!$image->isTrueColor()) {
$input = $output;
imagefilledrectangle($output, 0, 0, $width, $height, imagecolorallocatealpha($output, 0, 0, 0, 127));
imagecopy($output, $image->image, 0, 0, 0, 0, $width, $height);
}
for ($x = 0; $x < $width; $x++) {
for ($y = 0; $y < $height; $y++) {
$c = \imagecolorat($input, $x, $y);
$c = ($c & 0xFFFFFF) + ($tbl[$c >> 24] << 24);
\imagesetpixel($output, $x, $y, $c);
}
}
imagealphablending($output, true);
}
imagecopy(
$this->image,
$output,
$left,
$top,
0,
0,
$width,
$height
);
return $this;
}
/**
* Saves image to the file. Quality is in the range 0..100 for JPEG (default 85), WEBP (default 80) and AVIF (default 30) and 0..9 for PNG (default 9).
* @throws ImageException
*/
public function save(string $file, ?int $quality = null, ?int $type = null): void
{
if ($type === null) {
$extensions = array_flip(self::FORMATS) + ['jpg' => self::JPEG];
$ext = strtolower(pathinfo($file, PATHINFO_EXTENSION));
if (!isset($extensions[$ext])) {
throw new Nette\InvalidArgumentException("Unsupported file extension '$ext'.");
}
$type = $extensions[$ext];
}
$this->output($type, $quality, $file);
}
/**
* Outputs image to string. Quality is in the range 0..100 for JPEG (default 85), WEBP (default 80) and AVIF (default 30) and 0..9 for PNG (default 9).
*/
public function toString(int $type = self::JPEG, ?int $quality = null): string
{
return Helpers::capture(function () use ($type, $quality) {
$this->output($type, $quality);
});
}
/**
* Outputs image to string.
*/
public function __toString(): string
{
try {
return $this->toString();
} catch (\Throwable $e) {
if (func_num_args() || PHP_VERSION_ID >= 70400) {
throw $e;
}
trigger_error('Exception in ' . __METHOD__ . "(): {$e->getMessage()} in {$e->getFile()}:{$e->getLine()}", E_USER_ERROR);
return '';
}
}
/**
* Outputs image to browser. Quality is in the range 0..100 for JPEG (default 85), WEBP (default 80) and AVIF (default 30) and 0..9 for PNG (default 9).
* @throws ImageException
*/
public function send(int $type = self::JPEG, ?int $quality = null): void
{
header('Content-Type: ' . self::typeToMimeType($type));
$this->output($type, $quality);
}
/**
* Outputs image to browser or file.
* @throws ImageException
*/
private function output(int $type, ?int $quality, ?string $file = null): void
{
switch ($type) {
case self::JPEG:
$quality = $quality === null ? 85 : max(0, min(100, $quality));
$success = @imagejpeg($this->image, $file, $quality); // @ is escalated to exception
break;
case self::PNG:
$quality = $quality === null ? 9 : max(0, min(9, $quality));
$success = @imagepng($this->image, $file, $quality); // @ is escalated to exception
break;
case self::GIF:
$success = @imagegif($this->image, $file); // @ is escalated to exception
break;
case self::WEBP:
$quality = $quality === null ? 80 : max(0, min(100, $quality));
$success = @imagewebp($this->image, $file, $quality); // @ is escalated to exception
break;
case self::AVIF:
$quality = $quality === null ? 30 : max(0, min(100, $quality));
$success = @imageavif($this->image, $file, $quality); // @ is escalated to exception
break;
case self::BMP:
$success = @imagebmp($this->image, $file); // @ is escalated to exception
break;
default:
throw new Nette\InvalidArgumentException("Unsupported image type '$type'.");
}
if (!$success) {
throw new ImageException(Helpers::getLastError() ?: 'Unknown error');
}
}
/**
* Call to undefined method.
* @return mixed
* @throws Nette\MemberAccessException
*/
public function __call(string $name, array $args)
{
$function = 'image' . $name;
if (!function_exists($function)) {
ObjectHelpers::strictCall(static::class, $name);
}
foreach ($args as $key => $value) {
if ($value instanceof self) {
$args[$key] = $value->getImageResource();
} elseif (is_array($value) && isset($value['red'])) { // rgb
$args[$key] = imagecolorallocatealpha(
$this->image,
$value['red'],
$value['green'],
$value['blue'],
$value['alpha']
) ?: imagecolorresolvealpha(
$this->image,
$value['red'],
$value['green'],
$value['blue'],
$value['alpha']
);
}
}
$res = $function($this->image, ...$args);
return $res instanceof \GdImage || (is_resource($res) && get_resource_type($res) === 'gd')
? $this->setImageResource($res)
: $res;
}
public function __clone()
{
ob_start(function () {});
imagegd2($this->image);
$this->setImageResource(imagecreatefromstring(ob_get_clean()));
}
/**
* @param int|string $num in pixels or percent
*/
private static function isPercent(&$num): bool
{
if (is_string($num) && substr($num, -1) === '%') {
$num = (float) substr($num, 0, -1);
return true;
} elseif (is_int($num) || $num === (string) (int) $num) {
$num = (int) $num;
return false;
}
throw new Nette\InvalidArgumentException("Expected dimension in int|string, '$num' given.");
}
/**
* Prevents serialization.
*/
public function __sleep(): array
{
throw new Nette\NotSupportedException('You cannot serialize or unserialize ' . self::class . ' instances.');
}
}