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# Copyright (C) 2005-2010 Gregory P. Smith (greg@krypto.org)
# Licensed to PSF under a Contributor Agreement.
#
__doc__ = """hashlib module - A common interface to many hash functions.
new(name, data=b'') - returns a new hash object implementing the
given hash function; initializing the hash
using the given binary data.
Named constructor functions are also available, these are faster
than using new(name):
md5(), sha1(), sha224(), sha256(), sha384(), and sha512()
More algorithms may be available on your platform but the above are guaranteed
to exist. See the algorithms_guaranteed and algorithms_available attributes
to find out what algorithm names can be passed to new().
NOTE: If you want the adler32 or crc32 hash functions they are available in
the zlib module.
Choose your hash function wisely. Some have known collision weaknesses.
sha384 and sha512 will be slow on 32 bit platforms.
If the underlying implementation supports "FIPS mode", and this is enabled, it
may restrict the available hashes to only those that are compliant with FIPS
regulations. For example, it may deny the use of MD5, on the grounds that this
is not secure for uses such as authentication, system integrity checking, or
digital signatures. If you need to use such a hash for non-security purposes
(such as indexing into a data structure for speed), you can override the keyword
argument "usedforsecurity" from True to False to signify that your code is not
relying on the hash for security purposes, and this will allow the hash to be
usable even in FIPS mode.
Hash objects have these methods:
- update(arg): Update the hash object with the bytes in arg. Repeated calls
are equivalent to a single call with the concatenation of all
the arguments.
- digest(): Return the digest of the bytes passed to the update() method
so far.
- hexdigest(): Like digest() except the digest is returned as a unicode
object of double length, containing only hexadecimal digits.
- copy(): Return a copy (clone) of the hash object. This can be used to
efficiently compute the digests of strings that share a common
initial substring.
For example, to obtain the digest of the string 'Nobody inspects the
spammish repetition':
>>> import hashlib
>>> m = hashlib.md5()
>>> m.update(b"Nobody inspects")
>>> m.update(b" the spammish repetition")
>>> m.digest()
b'\\xbbd\\x9c\\x83\\xdd\\x1e\\xa5\\xc9\\xd9\\xde\\xc9\\xa1\\x8d\\xf0\\xff\\xe9'
More condensed:
>>> hashlib.sha224(b"Nobody inspects the spammish repetition").hexdigest()
'a4337bc45a8fc544c03f52dc550cd6e1e87021bc896588bd79e901e2'
"""
# This tuple and __get_builtin_constructor() must be modified if a new
# always available algorithm is added.
__always_supported = ('md5', 'sha1', 'sha224', 'sha256', 'sha384', 'sha512')
algorithms_guaranteed = set(__always_supported)
algorithms_available = set(__always_supported)
__all__ = __always_supported + ('new', 'algorithms_guaranteed',
'algorithms_available')
def __get_builtin_constructor(name):
try:
if name in ('SHA1', 'sha1'):
import _sha1
return _sha1.sha1
elif name in ('MD5', 'md5'):
import _md5
return _md5.md5
elif name in ('SHA256', 'sha256', 'SHA224', 'sha224'):
import _sha256
bs = name[3:]
if bs == '256':
return _sha256.sha256
elif bs == '224':
return _sha256.sha224
elif name in ('SHA512', 'sha512', 'SHA384', 'sha384'):
import _sha512
bs = name[3:]
if bs == '512':
return _sha512.sha512
elif bs == '384':
return _sha512.sha384
except ImportError:
pass # no extension module, this hash is unsupported.
raise ValueError('unsupported hash type ' + name)
def __get_openssl_constructor(name):
try:
f = getattr(_hashlib, 'openssl_' + name)
# Allow the C module to raise ValueError. The function will be
# defined but the hash not actually available thanks to OpenSSL.
# We pass "usedforsecurity=False" to disable FIPS-based restrictions:
# at this stage we're merely seeing if the function is callable,
# rather than using it for actual work.
f(usedforsecurity=False)
# Use the C function directly (very fast)
return f
except (AttributeError, ValueError):
raise
def __py_new(name, data=b'', usedforsecurity=True):
"""new(name, data=b'', usedforsecurity=True) - Return a new hashing object using
the named algorithm; optionally initialized with data (which must be bytes).
The 'usedforsecurity' keyword argument does nothing, and is for compatibilty
with the OpenSSL implementation
"""
return __get_builtin_constructor(name)(data)
def __hash_new(name, data=b'', usedforsecurity=True):
"""new(name, data=b'', usedforsecurity=True) - Return a new hashing object using
the named algorithm; optionally initialized with data (which must be bytes).
Override 'usedforsecurity' to False when using for non-security purposes in
a FIPS environment
"""
try:
return _hashlib.new(name, data, usedforsecurity)
except ValueError:
raise
try:
import _hashlib
new = __hash_new
__get_hash = __get_openssl_constructor
algorithms_available = algorithms_available.union(
_hashlib.openssl_md_meth_names)
except ImportError:
new = __py_new
__get_hash = __get_builtin_constructor
for __func_name in __always_supported:
# try them all, some may not work due to the OpenSSL
# version not supporting that algorithm.
try:
globals()[__func_name] = __get_hash(__func_name)
except ValueError:
import logging
logging.exception('code for hash %s was not found.', __func_name)
# Cleanup locals()
del __always_supported, __func_name, __get_hash
del __py_new, __hash_new, __get_openssl_constructor